Nearly 40% of Canadian and 20% of the US population visit emergency departments (ED) of hospital every year. The decision to admit or discharge a patient from ED is made hundreds of thousands of times a day which increasing the human error risk at ED.  Waiting times in ED is a considerable issue in many countries-for 90% of visits it was (<7.9 h). Long waiting times are associated with delays in time sensitive treatments for serious conditions typically requiring admission to hospital.  ED overcrowding has been a key issue in Emergency Medicine in Canada and the USA. Every half hour of stay in the ED can increase the risk of seven-day mortality.